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Some goods and services are provided directly by the government, while others are funded publicly but provided privately. What is the difference between these two mechanisms of public financing? Why do you think the same government would use one approach sometimes and the other approach at other times?Direct public provision of a good or service occurs when the government itself produces the good or service. Police forces and military are examples of direct provision. Public fi- nancing of private provision of goods and services occurs when the government wishes to increase the provision of a good or service, but it does not want to directly involve itself in its provision. An example is when the government hires private companies to build or repair roads, or when the government purchases military aircraft from private companies instead of building them itself.Public funding for private provision is appealing relative to direct public provision whenever the private market can produce the goods or services more efficiently than the government. This is likely to be the case where there is an existing market or industry for the good or service, especially when that market is competitive. When there is no existing mar- ket for a good or service provided by the government, or when that market is characterized by an imperfectly competitive industry, there may be a stronger case for direct provision (although it is important to recognize that direct provision can also suffer from efficiency failures). There may be national security concerns related to private provision of certain goods and services, especially those performed by the military and police forces. The gov- ernment is more likely to provide these goods and services directly.

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This paper, following the path described in [17, 18], targets the building and testing of SONAR in a new environment. This initiative consists of a platform designed for information gathering using public sources and its transformation into XBRL format by means of the use of natural language processing and semantics. 2b1af7f3a8